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Dating back to human’s earliest experimentation
with herbal therapy, people discovered that a
drug can be curative at one dosage level, yet
fatal at another. Fortunately, most modern
therapeutic agents are regulated by dosage
schedules that deliver fairly reproducible clinical
effects in metabolically normal individuals. These
pharmacokinetic model systems, however, are
often unreliable for patients with disordered
metabolism, particularly abnormal renal or
hepatic function, or in the obese patient, the
very young or very old, the patient taking
multiple drugs, and the patient who
does not tak
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